Designing an arcade machine that evokes nostalgia requires a careful blend of aesthetics, functionality, and authenticity. Here are the key factors to consider:

1. Retro Aesthetics: The visual design should mirror classic arcade cabinets, featuring bold colors, pixel art, and vintage fonts. Authentic side art and marquees can instantly transport players back to the golden age of arcades.

2. Authentic Controls: Joysticks, buttons, and trackballs should replicate the tactile feel of original arcade hardware. High-quality components ensure durability and an immersive experience.

3. Classic Game Selection: Including timeless titles like Pac-Man, Street Fighter, or Donkey Kong is essential. These games are synonymous with arcade culture and trigger strong nostalgic memories.

4. Sound and Lighting: The iconic beeps, chiptune music, and flashing lights of arcade machines play a crucial role in recreating the atmosphere of a 1980s or 1990s arcade.

5. Cabinet Build Quality: A sturdy, well-crafted cabinet with a CRT or CRT-like display enhances the retro feel. Modern touches like HDMI outputs can be added discreetly to appeal to contemporary users.

By focusing on these elements, designers can create arcade machines that not only look the part but also deliver an authentic and emotionally resonant gaming experience.